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The Hungarian educational system includes kindergartens,
elementary and secondary schools. Compulsory education
lasts from age 6 to age 16. In case of children who
began their education in 1998 or later, it lasts until
age of 18. Educational institutions are maintained beside
the state, local governments, foundations, churches
and minority governments as well. While the state ensures
free public education for all, non-state schools ask
school fee.
Kindergarten accepts children from age 3 and ensures
education for them until they become mature for attending
school. Kindergarten is not compulsory for children,
but according to law children at age 5 have to take
part in occupations preparing them for school. The principal
of the kindergarten can give a dispensation if the parents
decide so and the family's situation ensure the child's
development.
At general elementary level children study from age
6 to 14 in 8 grades. Those who intend to continue their
study in grammar school can choose between 4 or 6 or
8 graded grammar schools. In that case they begin secondary
education in the 5th or 7th or 9th grade.
In grammar schools students get general, overall cultural
knowledge and are prepared for maturity, work or higher
educational studies. The school-leaving exam consists
of compulsory and optional subjects as well. In two-language
grammar schools, teaching is continued in two languages
and finishes in the 13th grade.
Regarding vocational secondary schools students are
given general and professional training, which after
completing the school enables them to work according
to their profession or study in university or college.
Training college provides professional training and
prepares youngsters for taking professional exams and
become able to work in their profession.
The
higher education is regulated by the higher educational
law registered in 1993., which concerns to state and
non-state (maintained by private person, church or foundation)
institutions as well. In Hungary a dual system operates:
both university (5 or 6 years) and college (maximum
4 years) gives diploma. The institutions conduct doctoral
trainings, research and traineeship and give place to
adult trainings. One of the most important achievement
regarding the principle of equality is the prohibition
of discrimination which means that the student can turn
to the Hungarian court of justice if he/she experiences
prejudice and in certain cases doesn't agree with the
decision of the institution.
In Hungary adult training, life-long-learning becomes
increasingly important. Universities, colleges and other
institutions, companies organise various accredited
trainings and courses.
Educational
system and the EU
The ruling of public education remains within the
competence of the member states. Thus the Hungarian
system doesn't change. Due to the principle of free
movement within the Union a student can start and
continue secondary education not only in the mother
country but in another member state as well. Hungarian
school-leaving exams of elementary and secondary education
will be accepted in other countries of the EU as well.
In case parents move to Hungary to work and the family
moves as well, than the school aged children are entitled
to study in a Hungarian school Hungarian language
as well as his/her mother language and culture. For
them the education is free of charge just like for
Hungarian students. With regard to the principle of
discrimination among EU-citizens the right and possibility
of accession to a higher educational institution and
to study in a college or a university is equal for
all member-state citizens.
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